The hard algebra of the biological basis of behavior​ and --- Anti-Social Personality Disorder

• Plato had some empirical basis for his forms, even if it was scant by our standards or Aristotle's.
• With regard to the CATEGORIES in the DSM-5-TR, there's much more of an empirical basis for them than for Plato's forms or even Aristotle's empirical categorical systems.

• These nice, neat, distinct DSM CATEGORIES that have become Platonic Forms in the name of STANDARDIZATION ---
  • ​are not supported by the research.

​"Plato's Theory of Forms, which posits that true reality lies in eternal, unchanging Forms, has faced significant criticism, particularly from his student Aristotle.

"Key criticisms include the separation of Forms from the physical world, the \"Third Man\" argument leading to infinite regress, and the difficulty of applying the theory to the everyday world." ---Google AI

The Philosophy Guy

​​"Aristotle will also go on to spend even more space criticizing that very account primarily the notion of the forms as contributing to wisdom."  --- The Philosophy Guy

OBSERVABLE BEHAVIOR is RELEVANT.

ENVIRONMENT is RELEVANT.

The UNDERLYING BIOLOGY is a NON-NEGOTIABLE VARIABLE in Medicine.

Dr. Thomas Insel, then Director of the National Institute of Mental Health, said mental health professionals try to help people change through compassion --- but much of what they do is more RELIGION than SCIENCE.

When one doesn't have the science, it doesn't seem like a significant problem.

Well, we're getting the SCIENCE, but the mental health profession does not appear to appreciate the gravity of the situation, especially in Criminal Justice and especially with respect to Anti-Social Personality Disorder.